Daigas Group

Food ingredients with functional claimsNaturally derived ketone bodies
D-BHB(D-β-hydroxybutyrate)
OKETOA®

Osaka Gas provides ketone bodies
that the company developed with
its proprietary fermentation technology.

D-β-hydroxybutyrate
(D-β-hydroxybutyrate)
Background of Development
Ketone bodies (D-BHB) are energy sources that are produced through metabolism of lipids, and they work as energy under low carbohydrate condition where glucose energy is run out.
In recent years, it has been proved that D-BHB performs a variety of physiological functions as well as an energy production.
We developed our fermentation technology for biogas production and leveraged the technology to successfully establish a mass-production process of D-BHB by fermentation with Halomonas bacteria under the collaboration with The National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST).
Background of Development

News

2024.08.23
We updated our WEB site.
INDEX

What is D-BHBWhat is a ketone-body (D-β-hydroxybutyrate: D-BHB)?

A ketone body is a collective term for D-β-hydroxybutyrate (D-BHB), acetoacetate, and acetone, which are produced inside the human body. It is known that we have D-BHB the most inside our body compared to the other ketones. Under the conditions such as carbohydrates restriction or fasting, triglycerides are broken down and converted to D-BHB in the liver. Then D-BHB transfers into the blood and move around the whole parts of body, where it produces energy.

The illustration of D-BHB production inside the body and its conversion into energy through oral intake

The comparison of metabolism of D-BHB against carbohydrate in individual cells

Once D-BHB is taken up into cells, it tranfers to mitochondria directly and turns out to be energy. It has been reported that D-BHB is preferentially consumed to produce energy over carbohydrate.

The scheme of Energy conversion through TCA cycle under nomal condition (carbohydrate metabolism) and carbohydrate restriction (D-BHB matabolism)

EffectivenessEffectiveness of D-BHB

Increse in the concentaration of ketones inside the blood and organs Ref.) Front Nutr.2020 Feb 19:7:13

It has been reporeted that oral intake of D-BHB increased the blood ketone levels by about 2.5 times as much as that of MCT (medium-chain fatty acids).

Surge in the concentration of ketones inside the blood and organs
The behavior of blood ketones after oral intake

Benefits

1Weight Reduction (in-house test data)

registered for Foods with Function Claims
Ref.) J Nutr Sci Vitaminol,2023 69, 121)

A daily intake of D-BHB (2.9g) for 12 weeks resulted in a significant reduction in visceral fat

Results
After 12 weeks,
visceral fat area significantly decreased
Visceral fat area decreased by 9.6cm²、A case of a 45 years old man,before test (120.58cm²)→after test (95.16cm²)
Test Method
Intake Daily intake of one drink with 2.9 g of D-BHB / no restriction on diet and exercising
Examinee BMI: 23-30 kg/m², healthy adult males and females aged 20 years or older/placebo: 22 persons, with D-BHB: 21persons
Evaluation items Visceral fat area (abdominal CT scan)
Test period 12 weeks
Function Claims

Receipt of notification to the Consumer Agency of D-BHB as a novel functional ingredient

Notification number I1102
Recommended daily intake 2.9g per day as D-β-hydroxybutyrate
Claims It has been reported that D-β-hydroxybutyrate has a function that enebles people with higher BMI to reduce visceral fat.

※This notification is based on a systematic review (SR) in compliance with PRISMA statement 2020.

2Quality Sleep (in-house test data)

Investigation on the subjective symptoms after a daily intake of D-BHB (2.9 g/day) for 4 weeks

Results
Sleepiness on rising; fatigue recovery; Initiation and maintenance of sleep
Each score showed significant improvement.
The effect of D-BHB intake on sleepiness on rising (left), fatigue recovery (middle), initiation and maintenance of sleep (right)
Test Method
Intake Daily intake of one drink with 2.9 g of D-BHB
Examinee 22 healthy adult males and females with the age of 20 years and older who are unsatisfied with their sleep quality
Evaluation items OSA sleep inventory MA version (OSA-MA).
Test period 4 weeks (2 times examination conducted before and four weeks after intake)

3Improvement of Athletic Performance
(Rat Test)

Ref.) Med Sci Sports Exerc.2023 ;55(7):1184-1194

Results
Improvement of athletic performance
Endurance Exercise performance increased by 7.4%, Resistance Exercise performance increased by 9.1%, High-Intensity Intermittent Exercise performance increased by 60.2%
Test Method
Test Design 10-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups that are required to do 3 types of exercise
Placebo and BHB treatment groups were set for the 3 groups (total of 6 groups, n=6 per group).
Adiministration Hypodermic injection of BHB (1000mg/kgBW) was given 10 min before each exercise

SafetyD-BHB safety data

  1. 1Human Overdose Test (for 12 weeks)

    No adverse events after repeated administration (16 g/day)

  2. 2Rat Single-Dose Test

    No deaths after oral administration of 2,000 mg/kg

  3. 3Rat Repeated Dose Test (for 28 days)

    No toxic reaction after oral administration (2,000 mg/kg/day)

  4. 4Ames Test

    No genetic mutagenicity for the five indicator strains.

1: Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2024 Jun 27:zbae088, 2~4: In-house test data

ProductsIntroduction of OKETOA®, naturally derived ketone products

OKETOA® D-BHB Acid

OKETOA® D-BHB Acid
Product name OKETOA® D-BHB Acid
Generic name (D)-β-hydroxybutyrate.
Labeled name Fermented ketone-body D-BHB
Main raw materials Sucrose
Raw material category Food
Appearance Clear to light yellow liquid
D-BHB content 38-42%
Arsenic ≦0.5ppm
Cadmium ≦0.5ppm
Lead ≦0.5ppm
Mercury ≦0.1ppm
Viable bacteria ≦3,000cfu/g
Coliform bacteria Negative
Storage Precautions Store at less than 10℃
Allergen (28 items) labeling Not applicable
Genetically modefied labeling Non-genetically modified

OKETOA® D-BHB salt powder

OKETOA® D-BHB salt powder
Product name OKETOA® D-BHB Salt ions
Generic name (D)-β-hydroxybutyrate neutralizing salt.
Labeled name Fermented ketone-body D-BHB Na, Mg, Ca
Main raw materials Sucrose
Raw material category Food
Salt ions NaMgCa
Appearance WHITE TO LIGHT YELLOW POWDER
D-BHB content(as dry powder) ≧72%≧80%≧73%
Water content ≦5%≦7%≦7%
Arsenic ≦0.5ppm
Cadmium ≦0.5ppm
Lead ≦0.5ppm
Mercury ≦0.1ppm
Viable bacteria ≦3,000cfu/g
Coliform bacteria Negative
Storage Precautions Store at 25℃ or below, away from direct sunlight and heat and moisture.
After opening, avoid moisture, store in a sealable container, and use as soon as possible.
Allergen (28 items) labeling Not applicable
Genetically modefied labeling Non-genetically modified

Q&A

What is a ketone body?
A ketone body is a collective term for D-BHB, acetoacetic acid, and acetone produced in the body.
What is D-BHB?
The formal name for D-BHB is D-β-hydroxybutyrate (D-β-Hydroxybutyric acid), an organic acid that is produced in the liver through degradation of fats under the restriction of carbohydrate or fasting and works as a relacement of carbohydrate. In recent years, it has been reported that BHB works not only as an energetic source but also as a physiologically active agent in the body, which has attracted increasing attention.
Are there any foods including a large amount of D-BHB?
A small amount of D-BHB is contained in milk and liver, etc., but it is difficult to take a large amount from food.
What are the features of OKETOA® D-BHB?
OKETOA® D-BHB is produced from natural raw materials through fermentation with non-genetically modified bacteria. Since no organic solvents are used in the manufacturing process, it can be used safely as a food ingredient.
Is BHB sold in other countries?
BHB can be purchased mainly as a supplement in the United States. However, it seems that chemical products are mainly used as raw materials for products containing BHB in the US market. On the other hand, OKETOA® D-BHB is a raw material for food that is produced through fermentation with natural raw materials.
I am concerned about safety. What kind of quality control do you have?
OKETOA® D-BHB incorporates a purification step after the fermentation process to remove impurities contained in its crude products. We pay close attention to quality control.
What is the product form of OKETOA® D-BHB?
There are 4 product forms in total: liquid (aqueous BHB Acid) and powder (BHB Na, Mg, Ca).
It can be used in a wide range of processed foods, such as beverages and supplements, as you like.
What is the flavour of OKETOA® D-BHB?
The liquid type is sour. Powder types are salty for Na and slightly bitter for Ca and Mg.
What is the stability of OKETOA® D-BHB?
It shows a high stability from refrigerated temperature to room temperature. Avoid storing at a temperature over 50℃ for a long time.
Can OKETOA® D-BHB be provided to individuals?
Unfortunately, we do not sell products nor provide samples to individuals.
We want to know more about OKETOA® D-BHB and ketones.
Please contact us from the following form.

Related links

O-ta & G-ko's surprise visit

The development story of OKETOA® D-BHB is disclosed on the website. Please take a look.

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